Calcination is a pyrometallurgical process that involves heating metal ores in the presence of limited air or oxygen.
This process typically occurs below the ore's melting point.
The primary purpose of calcination is to remove volatile impurities.
It is named after its major application, which is the heating of calcium carbonate ores.
Calcination is essential for the chemical dissociation or separation of inorganic materials.
For example, it can convert calcium carbonate (CaCO3) to calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
Calcination is also used to remove bound moisture, such as in the case of borax.
What type of ore are subjected for calcination? (4 Key Ores Explained)
1. Limestone
Limestone is one of the primary ores subjected to calcination.
It is heated in rotary kilns, which are preferred over shaft furnaces.
Rotary kilns can handle finer particle sizes and deliver a more uniform product at higher rates.
The calcination of limestone is particularly significant in the production of quicklime.
Quicklime is essential for steelmaking and flue gas desulfurization.
2. Dolomite
Dolomite is another ore that undergoes calcination.
Rotary kilns are also used for the calcination of dolomite.
This process offers advantages in handling a broad size range of charge material at high calcination temperatures.
3. Magnesite
Magnesite is a third type of ore that is subjected to calcination.
Like limestone and dolomite, it is processed in rotary kilns.
The calcination of magnesite is crucial for various industrial applications.
4. Calcium Carbonate
Calcium carbonate is the ore that gives calcination its name.
It is heated to remove impurities and convert it into more usable forms.
This process is integral to many industrial processes, including steelmaking and cement production.
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